Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, are hardened deposits of minerals that form in the kidneys. They can cause pain as they pass through the urinary tract. Here’s a brief overview:
- Types of Kidney Stones:
- Calcium Oxalate: Most common, caused by high calcium or oxalate levels in urine.
- Calcium Phosphate: Result from high urinary pH.
- Cystine: Rare, due to hereditary disorder.
- Struvite: Associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs).
- Uric Acid: Caused by elevated uric acid levels12.
- Symptoms:
- Vary in size (from grain of sand to pearl).
- Nausea, vomiting, blood in urine, abdominal pain, frequent urination.
- Larger stones cause more noticeable symptoms1.
- Treatment:
- Depends on size, location, and composition.
- Options: Natural passage, breaking up stones, or surgical removal1.
Remember, early recognition and appropriate treatment are crucial. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask!
